Family Friday
Issues like potty-training and temper tantrums have dominated my world recently, but this week I'll address a much darker topic, one more germane to those of you with adolescents. You may have heard rumblings in the media lately about the "West Memphis Three", as celebrities, including the usually media-avoidant Johnny Depp, have argued that something smells rotten in the state of Arkansas.
Basic facts: On the evening of May 5, 1993, three eight-year-old boys, Stevie Branch, Michael Moore, and Christopher Byers, disappeared in West Memphis, Arkansas. They were found brutally murdered the next morning, tied up and discarded in a creek. Three local teenagers, Damien Echols (age 18), Jessie Misskelley (age 17), and Jason Baldwin (age 16) were identified, tried, and convicted. Because Misskelley and Baldwin were juveniles at the time of the crime, they received life in prison; Echols received a death sentence and is currently on death row.
On what evidence were these teenagers, now known as the West Memphis Three, convicted? Drum roll…
They were kinda weird. Yes, you read that correctly. Generally distrusted by townsfolk, Echols dressed in black, sported ugly hairstyles, listened to Metallica, talked back to teachers, and did not behave as a Southern gentleman should. And Baldwin? Well, let's see, he and Echols were friends. Oh, and he owned a huge collection of black T-shirts.
OK, I'm being facetious – there was a little bit more. The conviction was based almost entirely on a confession from the third adolescent, Jessie Misskelley. Questioned for hours without an attorney or his parents present
(huhhh????), seventeen-year-old Misskelley eventually produced a
confession to the crime that implicated Baldwin and Echols – and
himself. Trouble was, the details he offered didn't really match the
physical evidence. No matter.
With an IQ of 72, Misskelley tested just a few points above the "mild mental retardation" range (and just below Forrest Gump's score of 75). Have you ever known someone with a developmental disability – perhaps a family member or neighbor? If so, you probably know that, like the fictional Gump, such individuals often get little positive feedback outside of their immediate family circles. Unlike Gump, however, who magically stumbled from one astonishing achievement to another, adolescents with developmental disabilities may be particularly starved for positive attention, and therefore very eager to please. Making friends and avoiding trouble typically rank high on the priority list.
I worked with a client similar to Misskelley in cognitive ability. This young woman often found herself in extremely dangerous situations due to her difficulty saying no to others. No, I would emphasize, you do not need to perform sexual favors for someone because he held the door open or complimented your clothes. No, you do not have to give people your credit card information just because they ask for it. She would nod her head in agreement, but then buckle when it came time to assert herself.
At one point, we even did role plays in which I pretended to be a strange man offering her a ride. Although she held a flashcard that read "NO, THANKS," denying this fake request proved almost impossible for her. After much rehearsal, she could say "no" two or three times in a row, but when I became more persistent, she couldn't hold out. I can tell you that, in a situation like Misskelley faced, this woman would have lasted ninety seconds tops before coughing up whatever the police wanted.
Now consider Damien Echols, town misfit. Echols, now 35, agrees wholeheartedly that his demeanor served as his worst enemy during the trial. Trial footage shows him rolling his eyes, making weird faces at the camera, and generally acting like an ass.
But when I watch this footage, his expression conveys to me "This is bullshit! These people are stupid! This can't possibly be happening." I'd wager that many of us had a bit of that Damien Echols attitude as adolescents. I know I wore similar expressions on many occasions (although granted, the stakes were never quite this high).
The jury and much of the public, however, interpreted his behavior to mean "I am completely without remorse and couldn't care less about those three little brats." How much easier that made it to give him a death sentence!
So what on earth does any of this sorry mess have to do with you, as a parent? In my opinion, plenty.
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